No-Till Farming and Agriculture Practices Term Paper - 1

No-Till Farming and Agriculture Practices - Term Paper Example The natural issue deposits which are left by the past yield, water, the microorganisms present in the dirt, and other living life forms like organisms, night crawlers and so forth are upset. All such occurs in the conventional techniques for crop development. In the strategy applied in No-till cultivating, the ranchers utilize such machines which just makes gap in the dirt where the seed is to be planted. The territory encompassing that opening isn't upset therefore the seed is given adequate natural materials, water, minerals and certain symbionts which may improve the development and yield (No-Tillage Farming. 2012). The idea of no-till cultivating was presented by Edward Faulkner in the 1940’s however it didn't pick up consideration until after the World War II. With the amalgamation of new synthetic concoctions after the World War II, numerous researchers and scientists ventured out to search for more up to date thoughts. With the approach in the cutting edge innovation, no-till cultivating is quickly being received by most ranchers in the created nations. It is known as the best practice in agribusiness due to its effectiveness and attainability. The technique for no-till cultivating gives more and much better yield when contrasted with the traditional strategies. It is not so much relentless but rather more efficient. It requires less fuel, synthetic substances, and composts rather than the conventional strategy wherein the manures were added to the whole field for enhancement. As no-culturing technique upsets as meager soil as could be expected under the circumstances, it keeps the di rt honesty flawless in this manner forestalls soil disintegration and the natural buildups structure the past yields are not evacuated. This upgrades the natural issue in the dirt and in this manner the seed is surrounded inside it. In the customary techniques for cultivating, the dirt was thoroughly upset which expanded the surface territory of the shallow natural issue to the dirt microorganisms. The microorganisms quickly disintegrated all the natural issue which at that point got inaccessible for the

Susan Steward Essay

Susan McKinney Steward was the primary African-American doctor in the province of New York and the third in the whole country. In addition to the fact that she was an amazingly keen specialist, but at the same time was an energetic artist and a cultivated creator. She had the option to adjust her requesting profession yet at the same time figure out how to be a mindful spouse and mother just as be extremely associated with her congregation. In spite of the fact that she confronted a lot of mocking for entering what was viewed as a â€Å"man’s work†, she proved constantly that she was exceptionally qualified and qualified for each achievement that she had.Susan was conceived in Brooklyn to Sylvanus and Anne Smith on March eighteenth, 1847. She was the seventh out of ten youngsters and was of European, Shinnecock Indian, and African legacy. Her folks were effective pornography shippers and were viewed as world class in their dark network. As a youngster she figured out ho w to design the organ from Henry and John Zundel and preformed at Bridge Street African Methodist Episcopal Church and Brooklyn's Siloam Presbyterian Church. Susan was by all account not the only example of overcoming adversity in her family anyway in light of the fact that her sister, Sarah J.Garrett was the main African-American female head in the New York City government funded educational system. In the wake of completing secondary school Susan moved to Washington D. C. to instruct so she could set aside cash to pay for clinical school. It is accepted that her motivation to enter the clinical field was the point at which she breast fed her wiped out niece back to wellbeing after the cholera struck New York in 1866 that cause over a thousand people to kick the bucket. When she has an adequate measure of cash she selected at New York Medical College for Women in 1867.Susan was known for continually being one to concentrate perseveringly and enthusiastically despite the fact that m ale clinical understudies from the Bellevue Hospital frequently hassled her. In the wake of having some expertise in homeopathic medication she graduated three years after the fact as the class valedictorian. Later she finished graduate school Long Island College School. After her graduation in Long Island, Susan came back to Brooklyn and started tolerating customers in her home. She gradually turned out to be progressively well known because of her incredible expertise and once she had a large enough customer base, she opened an office in Manhattan.Susan wedded William McKinney, a clergyman, and brought forth two kids before long. She at that point composed two clinical papers about a wiped out pregnant lady and contaminated newborn children. In a little while, Susan started work in kids ailment. After the demise of her better half William in 1892, Susan remarried a fighter named Theophilus Steward two years after the fact and moved around the nation with him to various army instal lations. While at the bases, Susan would treat harmed warriors until Theophilus resigned in 1907.Susan started composing numerous clinical papers and diminished her measure of customers as she matured. She kicked the bucket on March seventh, 1918 and was covered in the Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn. After he passing, a Brooklyn school was renamed the Dr. Susan Smith McKinney Junior High Schoolâ after he grandson insister in 1975 and in Connecticut, New Jersey, and New York, the Susan Smith McKinney Steward Medical Societyâ was established in her respect. Susan Steward was and consistently will be once of the most uplifting ladies in history because of her determination and noteworthy intelligence.During when ladies, particularly those of African-American drop, had little significance in the public arena other than filling in as spouses and moms, she transcended the bias and generalizations and demonstrated that it is important not where you originated from, however where you end up. Her inheritance lives not just in New York where she was the principal lady doctor yet in addition to ladies everywhere throughout the world. Bliography â€Å"Susan M. Steward, Pioneer in Medicine. †Ã‚ The Black Box. African American Registry, n. d. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. . â€Å"Susan McKinney Steward Biography. †Ã‚ Susan McKinney Steward Biography. Lakewood Public Library, n. d. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. .

Theres More to Life Than Tooling

There’s More to Life Than Tooling The most exciting series of words you can ever hope to hear out of an MIT students mouth are these: You know what would be awesome? followed shortly by Waitwe could actually do this. These words are exciting, because MIT students take awesome and we can to a whole new level. And thats why this story starts with that question. Julie H. is a senior in Mechanical Engineering, who arrived at MIT thinking that her musical days were over. Courtesy of the HASS-D requirement, she ended up taking Harmony and Counterpoint in her sophomore year and is now double-majoring in Music. She discovered a love for composition, and, since shes always loved musical theater, began to throw around the idea of writing a musical but, in her words, it was sort of a pipe dream and she never expected it to happen. Famous last words. This IAP, Julie joined the Musical Theater Guild (MTG), and was Assistant Music Director for their performance of Jekyll and Hyde. One day, at an MTG party, magic happened. Rachel B. 11: You know what would be awesome? A musical about hacking at MIT. Julie: Ive been looking to write a musical! If you decide to do that, I will totally write music for you. *Cue lots of joking around* *Pause.* Waitwe could actually do this. And it was thus that Hack, Punt, Tool, the musical, was born. Julie even managed to find an advisor, and have the project count towards her music major as an independent study. Work began on February 6: Daniel L. 12 writing lyrics, Rachel B. 11 and Zach B. 13 writing the script, and Julie writing the music. Every Tuesday evening, they meet from 10pm to 1am, along with other MTG members who are keen to lend ideas. Today, MTG held their selection process, which occurs in two rounds. In the first round, people suggest any number or shows (usually around 30), and these are narrowed down to 4-6 shows for each production period. Anyone who has been in an MTG show in the past year can come, and cast his or her vote. There are four slots fall, IAP, spring, summer and the crew hoped that Hack, Punt, Tool would be chosen for fall or IAP. Guess what? Julie will learn the trip from Connecticut to Boston very well next year, because shes going to be doing a lot of commuting. Thats right: Hack, Punt, Tool was selected to be performed during IAP. Hooray! A little blurb about the storyline, in case youre curious a freshman comes to MIT, keen to get involved in the hacking community. All he wants to be is hardcore (there is, in fact, a song called Hardk0re*), but learns that there is more to hacking than that. *Spelled like that. Now you HAVE to come see the show. Ill let a quick excerpt speak for itself (from the song: Theres More To Life Than Tooling): Theres more to 8.01 Than getting p-sets done Studying alone youll find it rough But in a group youll find That with your minds combined The hardest problem never seems that tough. Yeah. Pretty awesome. But as awesome as the product is, it cant compare to its creator. Youve heard a gajillion times that MIT students are time management ninjas, but this takes ninja to a whole new level. Julie is a senior, which means that springtime is thesis time. I asked her what else shes been up to while writing this musical. I almost wish I hadnt. Well, Im writing my thesis, which is in product design. Im taking 2.72 Elements of Mechanical Design where we design and build our own lathe. Im taking Senior Seminar in Music, where we wrote a 20-page research paper on a field of our interest in music, and 2.674, which is a nanotechnology lab. Oh, and Im in Concert Choir. I think thats it. *Silence* Oh, and Im president of RoboCup. Yeah, no big deal. Its not like building autonomous soccer-playing robots would take up any time at all. It takes a special sort of person to successfully juggle that many commitments, but what has impressed me above class titles and thesis projects and musical endeavors has been Julies smiley face. Shes NICE. AND CHEERFUL. ALL THE TIME. ITS INCREDIBLE. There have been sleepless nights and what I would imagine has been a mind-bending amount of stress, but it never shows, and I admire her for that more than I can do justice to here. As I write, shes sitting at her computer behind me, singing. So, know this: music exists at MIT. At any given time, 30% of the student body is enrolled in a music class*. We have a Pulitzer Prize-winning professor who wrote an opera that premiered at the Metropolitan Opera. Working with the Musical Theater Guild is, according to Julie, the most fun shes ever had at MIT. *Credit to Daniel L. (lyricist and tour guide) for this statistic So, if you get the chance to be around campus during IAP 2012, swing by during the last weekend of January and the first weekend of February, and bear witness to what happens when a few dedicated undergraduates pool their brains and energy together, and turn what would be to what is. See the result of an unbelievable amount of hard work and understand what I mean when I say that, to me, Julie has redefined what it means for there to be more to MIT life than tooling.

The Black Death s Effects On Europe - 1470 Words

The Black Death’s Effects on Europe Cole Younger WH2 11-20-15 Rough Draft The disastrous plague called the Black Death had monumental, long lasting effects that would ultimately change the fate of the entire continent of Europe. The mid-1300s in Europe were part of the Dark Ages. Human populations were near over-crowding, and the land was stretched to produce food. Mother Nature created a drastic solution. The world lifted a bleak shadow of death and chaos over the people of Europe in the form of plague. It originated from fleas, but rats carried the fleas with this plague across seaward trading routes from Asia. Humans were oblivious to the deadly fleas disguised in the familiar sight of the rats aboard their trading ships. The plague was an airborne disease, and it was transmittable to humans. Once one was infected, no escape option was available. The plague was characterized by black cysts on the skin, which influenced humans to later dub the plague â€Å"The Black Death†. Europe was previously suffering during the Dark Ages, but what were the Black Death’s effects on Europe? The staggering effects of the Black Death were outlined clearly in the fragility of religion, the floundering population and education, and oddly enough, a recovered and thriving economy. The Black Death called into question what power, of lack thereof, that God had to protect people from the plague. It is not clear if the western church lost authority during the plague. A greatShow MoreRelatedThe Black Death s Effects On Europe1454 Words   |  6 Pages The disastrous plague called the Black Death had monumental, long lasting effects that would ultimately change the fate of the entire continent of Europe. The mid-1300s in Europe were part of the Dark Ages. Human populations were near over-crowding, and the land was stretched to produce food. Mother Nature created a drastic solution. The world lifted a bleak shadow of death and chaos over the people of Europe in the form of plague. It originated from fleas, but rats carried the flea s with this plagueRead MoreThe Economic, Political, and Social Effects of the Black Death1268 Words   |  6 PagesImagine one half of the world s population by wiped out in a space of less than a ten years. You probably cannot imagine such an event occurring; it seems unreal. Yet, this very thing happened in the between the years 1347 and 1351 in Europe. This massive destruction of human life was known as the Black Death. This Black Death was an ecological disaster on a global scale. The effects of the plague on human and certain animal populations from East Asia to as far west as Greenland were catastrophicRead MoreThe Deadly Black Death Plague Of Europe1054 Words   |  5 Pages Background Information  The deadly Black Death plague of Europe arrived in 1346 A.D. , during the middle ages from the Middle East as commonly thought and was also known by other names such as â€Å"the pestilence .â€Å" The infectious deadly bacteria moved rapidly within Europe accounting for approximately 50% of mortality while disseminating northward along major trade routes of ships, lasting until the early 1350’s (Ross, 2015). The plague presented before traditional existenceRead MoreThe Black Death And Its Impact On Society1291 Words   |  6 Pagesprofound effect on mankind, but few of these events have shaped history and culture as profoundly as the Black Death. The Black Death was the name given to the deadly disease that hugely disrupted Europe between 1347 and 1351. The disaster influenced and altered all aspects of European life. This major catastrophe had many later effects, however due to 50 million deaths, people s economic status shifted and these changes left a lasting impact upon Europe. It was known that within the 1300’s, religionRead MoreHow The Black Death Influenced Life1399 Words   |  6 PagesExplain how the Black Death influenced life in Europe The Black Death had a significant negative effect on both the economy of Europe and the Catholic Church during and after it s prime, proving to ruin the lives of many both directly and indirectly subject to the plague. However, it can be argued that the Black Death prompted a restructure in feudalism, increasing equality in society. The Bubonic Plague became prominent in 1347 AD, tearing through the lives of many throughout Europe. A major financialRead MoreThe Plague Of Europe And Asia1165 Words   |  5 Pageshundreds were a time of turmoil in Europe and Asia for many reasons . It was a time of Panic, disease, political instability, and a decline in the power of the church . Although each of these problems are somewhat unrelated, they all stem from the same source, the Bubonic Plague. The bubonic plague started in Asia, and spread its way into parts of Northern Africa and Europe devastating everything in its path. Not only did the Black Death effect the people of Europe and Asia, it effected their economicRead More The Black Death in Medieval Europe Essay1612 Words   |  7 PagesThe Black Death in Medieval Europe The Bubonic Plague, more commonly referred to as the Black Death, ravaged Europe between the years 1347 and 1350 (Herzog, 2000). During this short period, according to Herzog (2000), 25 million people (which were about one third of Europes population at the time) were killed. In another article, Herlihy (1997), however, claimed that two thirds of Europe’s population were killed. Nevertheless, it is ascertained that thousands of people died each week andRead MoreWhat Effects Did The Black Death Changed Europe1408 Words   |  6 PagesThe Death Plague That changed Europe In 1348, a plague arrived that caused severe damage in many countries in Europe. The plague made a significant impact on the country, and it ending up killing fifty million people, which was sixty percent of Europe’s entire population (Slack 432). All of the deaths from the Black plaque it caused many different social and economic effects in Europe. Along with devastating effect, there were positive, social and economic changes resulting from the Black death includingRead MoreThe Black Death Of Europe1231 Words   |  5 Pagesfound regarding the history of the Black Death in Europe. It incorporates the beginning of the plague, the way that it spread, and the toll it took on Europe’s population. It answers questions concerning the context of my topic, the importance of subject at hand, as well as the affects it had on the society during and after this tragedy. Concluding this paper answers the final question of why people should know about this subject in the first plac e. The Black Death was single handedly one of the worstRead MoreThe Black Death During The Middle Class1379 Words   |  6 PagesWhen many people think of the Black Death they only think of the aspect of sick people dying. Although that was the tragedy that occurred, the whole picture includes social and economic changes within Europe. Since the population rapidly decreased due to the disease causing many to perish, the aftermath involved population regrowth, which also brought many changes along with it. Although a time of great loss, the Black Death allowed for the laboring class to financially benefit, causing financial

PESTEL and SWOT analysis of Malaysian business - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2528 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Narrative essay Level High school Did you like this example? Introduction I have study the subject of business in context 4. I learned about the globalization. Globalization means the people, companies and governments are interaction and integration in different countries, a process driven by trade and investment and aided by information technology. The increasing of the international trade, financial transfers, and foreign direct investment, so that the economy is increasingly internationally interconnected. Everyday have about $3million in foreign exchange transactions happened in the world. Malaysia total trade in 2012 was valued at RM1.310 trillion, an increase of 8.7% from RM1.271 trillion in 2011. This was contributed by exports of RM702.19 billion and import of RM607.36 billion. Export expanded by 0.6% while import rose 8.6% compared with 2011. China has emerged as the fourth largest trading partner of Malaysia since 2001. Malaysias trade with China has grown tremendously, to account for 8.8% of total trade in 2005. Malaysia and china trade grew average annual rare of 16.8 percent significantly from 1974-2008. It showed that less than $100 million to $40 billion (Li, 2006). Coffee business is a huge economic, social and environmental significance in Malaysia. It represents an important part of Malaysiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s tax income and gross domestic product. The old town white coffee is the largest restaurant chain in Malaysia. The headquarters is in Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia it is a franchise company ( Nalina, 2013). Thus, Malaysia old town white coffee are continue to expand its operation to the international market. Now the question is how Malaysia old town white coffee can expand to different global markets such as China. China have over 1.3 billion population which is a huge market if possible to get in. Recently there is a growing coffee demand in China. This is one of the best opportunities to notice. For this reason, this report will focuses on analyzing of Chinese potential marke t for Malaysia old town white coffee. Culture profile Malaysia old town white coffee become the form of the retail chain of cafe outlets which has expanded into the food and beverage business.( old town company, 2011 ) in my opinion, i choose shenzhen, china to be my first target market. The reason why i choose shenzhen is shenzhen is a huge potential and positive market. Geographical China as the third largest country in the world which the regional economic geography include east to west and south to north. Along the South China sea, the East China sea, the Yellow Sea, and the Bo Sea, east China has approximately 14,500 km coastline, with ports and harbors for sea transportation to many developed western economies. There are over 160 cities in China with a population over one million. Such as shenzhen. Shenzhen is located on a southern tip of the Chinese mainland and on the eastern bank of the Pearl River. An it is belong a part of guangdong province and just north of hong kong. Shenzhen has occupying 199164 square kilometers, and have 10.47 million permanent residents in 2011. Demographic In 2014, Chineseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s population is 1,392,472,656.So; almost half of all Chinese live in urban areas today. there are 90 cities in China which define the urban area , with a population of more than 1 million people. (World population review online, 2014) Such as shenzhen, By the end of 2011, the permanent resident population reached 10.47 million. Today, China is considered a middle-income nation by Western standards. And they are 56 different ethnic groups ain China, 91.51% of Chinese are Han Chinese. Most of people who are living shenzhen is Han Chinese. (World population review online, 2014) Culture Tea is an old traditional beverage in china which has been an important part of lifestyle. It has developed a unique culture in the nation. As old traditional drinks, tea was first grown in China and spread to other countries and has alw ays popular in the world. Even though nowadays has increasing many kind of beverage such as coffee, soft drinks and wine, but tea has never decreased its popularity. Particularly in recent years, modern people realize the importance of organic foods and drinks, tea is being considered one of the most natural and healthy drinks which is promoted by more and more people around the world. Hofstedes cultural dimensions According the Hofstedeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s cross cultural model to understand the Chinese culture profile. Power distance stated that the power inequality in the society. It will affect hierarchy and dependence relationships in the family and organizational contexts. In individualistic societies, people are look after themselves and their direct family only. High individualism societies allow a large degree of freedom and display loose integration. Low IDV societies show tight integration. Dominant values in masculine countries are achievement and success and in femi nine countries are caring for others and quality of life. Uncertainty avoidance means that people feel threatened by uncertainty and ambiguity and try to avoid these situations. It is necessary to compare the different cultural of Malaysia and china when old town white coffee want into the china marketing. It wills east they to make the marketing strategies. Thus, the compare the different dimensions of Malaysia and china in order to make the distinction between these two cultures which will be following. Culture dimensions Country MALAYSIA CHINA Individualism 26 20 Power distance 100 80 Uncertainty avoidance 30 30 masculinity 50 66 Table 1: Cultural differences between malaysia and China (www.geert-hofstede.com) HofstedeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸s model has a scale from 0 to 100, and is based on quantitative research (Hofstede, 1994). According this table, we can get Malaysia and china dont have very big different culture. Malaysia and china b oth of them are highly collectivist culture. China are more collectivist than Malaysia that is means people have a high sense of identity to the traditional food and drink. Malaysian and Chinese they are accept the Power Inequality. The relationship between the subordinate and superior is polarized. The formal authority and sanctions will affect the individual. People do not have the desire to exceed their social rank. Therefore, many people in China consider the relationship between the prices of consumer places and the personal appearance seriously. Malaysia and China has a low score on uncertainty avoidance. Both of countries are comfortable with ambiguity and they are adaptable and entrepreneurial. China and malaysia both are masculine society which are success oriented and driven. Because of the influence of traditional ideological in the ancient chinese, so the china are more masculine. Entry of model I chose the best mode of entry that is franchising. Franchising is the perfect way to start a business. Firstly, It through payment of franchise fees to operating the business with years of support and prove success of a well-known brand. That the franchiser enjoys are reduced operating, distribution and advertising costs. Besides that, the procedures of franchising are uniformity. And which showed a consistency, increase productivity levels and good quality. The franchisee is often invested much time and money in the business, so that it will bring better organizational and monetary results, which is shown more customers satisfaction and increase sales. Moreover, Franchising is through other people investment by multiplying the number of locations to spreading the risks. That means it focus on changing market needs so that it also reduce the competitor. Finally, Old town has keep a leader in the industry and have suitable tools for success as equipment. And it keep with franchisees to develop a successful plan which is customer base and increase p rofits. Old town franchisees partner can get a well- known brand which people know before and trust, receive good training and support. Businessman who has developed a successful business often chose the mode of franchise to expand their operations. It is no doubt that franchising is one of the popular business expansion systems in the world. I have been check how the franchises are effectively using the business and how successful other franchises. Because of the Franchises offer national advertising campaigns that are included in your franchise fee, so that i benefit to reduce the advertising fees and i also benefit from any advertising by the owner. And the most important thing is i get the support tanning from the franchise. Franchise Head Quarters will train me in everything from the technology involved, to the accounting, to standing behind the counter and taking money. So that it makes the business may be easier (Daszkowski, 2014) Unlike the foreign direct investment mo de need high cost route, and more exposure to economic and political risks problems of managing the subsidiary at a distance ¼Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Tim, 2014). Unlike joint venture have the risk of losing control over its technology to its venture partner. Its a lot harder to innovate with franchising than if you own your own outlets. With franchising, if you come up with a new idea, you have to negotiate with your franchisees to get them to accept the new product or whatever innovation you want to introduce, instead of just putting the new idea in place on your own. Franchising also has some drawbacks. It is difficult to innovate with franchising. For example, if i have some idea for my outlets, i have to negotiate with my franchisees to get them to accept the new idea or service. It will reduce the passion for to do the innovation on product and service (Shane, 2013). Sometimes, name recognition also will become a barrier for the business. Especially if other franchises has rec eiving bad press or suffering from poor public perception. That will causes my business get trouble. PESTEL analysis I use the PESTEL mode to analysis the business environment in shenzhen to understand the business expansion. Politicalthe corporate tax of foreign companies are decrease. EconomicGDP, fiscal revenue, foreign trade are increase. Socialdiverse mix culture TechnologyHigh-Tech park in Shenzhen EnvironmentalIncrease coffee consumption LegalFee trade zone bring many benefit. Political Shenzhen government encourages foreign investment which they want more foreign companies to enter the Shenzhen market, and encourage more foreign funds to invest in various fields. The corporate income tax for the foreign invested company is decreased from the original 30% down to the present 15%. At the same time, the local income tax levied at the rate of 3% is exempted. Shenzhen have regulated new tax law which is The foreign invested company have 2 years of co rporate income tax exemption and half reduction for the ensuing 3 years. (Shenzhen government online, 2012). Therefore, this policy will help us to reduce our cost which can increase the benefits. Economic The economic of shenzhen is maintained a healthy momentum of development in 2012. GDP grew by 10 percent to 1.295 trillion yuan. The consumption of retail sales increasing from 16.5 percent to 400.88 billion yuan totally. The volume of foreign trade increased 12.8 percent to 466.8$ billion. The volume of export has maintained stayed at the top of china. In 2012, shenzhen government has reported the fiacal revenue is 148.6 billion yuan, up to 10.6 percent from 2011( shenzhen government online , 2012). shenzhen is ranking fourth on the Chinese mainland which have strong economic power. And shenzhen is one of the cities that has produced the biggest economic efficiency. The economy is great strong in Shenzhen. Shenzhen peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s incomes also are very high. They have strong purchasing power and consuming ability. It makes my business become easy. Social Shenzhen is modern city which filled of people from all over the world. Shenzhen culture is not home grown and traditional. It is a diverse mix and a refreshing change compared to many cities worldwide. Such as coffee is popular in shenzhen. Coffee culture in shenzhen is more a symbol of lifestyle. It represents the consumption of the young, hip, emerging middle class. Most coffee drinkers are all open-minded and thinking , they think coffee is a Western culture , and through the coffee to justify their acceptance of Western culture. In other words, tea is for the traditional and coffee is for the connoisseur. Technology Half October 2008, the expansion of the current High-Tech park in Shenzhen officially started. The 3 billion yuan (US$439 million) software base, which covers 150,000 square meters and will be funded by the Shenzhen government, will be put into operation in 2010. Shenzhen built a software park in the high-tech park 10 year ago. It is home to more than 400 companies with 40,000 employees. The output of the cityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s software industry reached 86 billion yuan in 2007, accounting for 15 percent of the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s total. Software exports reached US$4.5 billion last year. (Shenzhen government online, 2012). Environmental According to International Coffee Organization, it is estimated that Chinas coffee consumption will grow by about 15 percent per year, far above the global average of 2 percent. However, most of this growth is based on Chinas unique coffee culture, representing a fashionable symbol rather than habitual usage. Nowadays, There are many white-collar workers in Shenzhen, Coffee has already been the young people and white- collar workersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ the essential thing in their life. So, we will be able to be successful in the background of Shenzhen. Legal shenzhen have established a free trade free zone which the economice areas of shenzhen futian ,shatoujiao and yantian port bonded areas with Perfect infrastructure and become a mature investment environment (Shenzhen Government Online, 2012). Goods transported from outside the boundary into the free trade zone or transported from the fee trade zone outside the boundary are free of customs duties and licenses, and it will carries out the archiving system management by the customs and to be as special policies apply. In the free zone, they are allow the business to manufacturing, processing, warehousing, and exhibition. Because of that, we can thought the free trade zone to import raw materials, it can reduce cost and get more benefits. SWOT analysis I use the swot model to analysis the old town white coffee situation. strengthweakness High profit Offers other productInnovation is slowly Difficult to diversify their product. Opportunitythreat Expand to global market Re-brandsPrice increase Many competitor Strength The old town white coffee get high profit in Malaysia. And it no only sell coffee but also they are offer others food. It have a lots branches in Malaysia. Weakness The old town white coffee always depends on the coffee so that it cause them difficult to diversity their product and innovation product is slowly. Opportunity The old town white coffees are ready to expand market to global market and they are able to re-brands to attract new consumer. Threats There are many competitors which are Starbucks, the coffee bean and so on. Because of the materials cost are increase so that the product price also increase.it will cause lost some consumer. Solution The old town white coffee should be does the product innovation to remain the old consumer and attract new consumer. And they need to focus on new regions going forward to address market saturation concerns. Conclusion To sum up, the old town white coffee company is l arge chain restaurant in malaysia. I chose the od town white coffee with the best entry mode of franchising to expand to shenzhen (China). I apply the cross-culture models of Hofstede to describe shenzhen(CHINA)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s cultural profile. And i analysis what is the factor will influence my business when i start my business in shenzhen. Which include political, economic, social, technology, environmental and legal. According to my findings, i have explained why the business expand to shenzhen is suitable. Shenzhen is very positive and potential market. With the developed of economic, people have strong purchasing power and consuming ability. I have confidence to face the challenger and solve the problem to get success. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "PESTEL and SWOT analysis of Malaysian business" essay for you Create order

Describe the Learning Organization Utilizing Free Essays

According to Pedler, Burgoyne, Boydell (1991) a learning organization is defined as a company that facilitates the learning of its members and continuously transforms itself . With that definition, certain characteristics must be evident in the organization. Learning organizations are adaptive to their surroundings, encourage collective and individual learning, constructively utilizes feedback to achieve better results, and has enhanced adaptability (Fargo Skyrme, 1995). We will write a custom essay sample on Describe the Learning Organization Utilizing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Applying the brain metaphor to organizations, allows us to see how companies operate and how knowledge is shared and disbursed. This metaphor also demonstrates how this knowledge network is critical to the flow of information. Social networking is a key component in the way learning organizations grow and function in today’s budget conscious environment. Roughly 50% of corporate performance is attributed to responding to change and complexity intelligently (Halal, 1997). A learning organization is more than the sum of all knowledge from individual members because all information is not accessed equally. All information that is stored or processed by members is only accessed when needed. A learning organization involves the development of higher levels of knowledge and skill and encompasses four levels of learning. This goes from the learning basic facts, processes and procedures (level 1); learning transferrable jobs skills (level 2); learning to adapt (level 3); and learning to learn which corresponds to innovation and creativity (level 4 ) (Fargo Skyrme, 1995). The last two levels are the types of learning that is preferred in learning organizations. Smaller networks being only partially connected increases the possibilities of a learning organization by leading to better utilization of internal and external knowledge . An organization’s real edge comes from having complex, content sensitive knowledge. This core knowledge is found in individual, communities of interest and their connections (Krebs, 1998). Due to the wide use of social networks, employees are raising the bar for company learning systems. With the ease of use and familiarity of the common social networking applications available i. e. MySpace, facebook, blogger, they have something to compare it to. They expect it to be at that level or better. Social networks such as twitter and facebook are allowing people to connect with each other very readily. Applications are becoming simple and easy to understand. With this is mind it is easier to locate information which is a huge benefit and part of how a learning organization functions. Information must be accessible when it is needed by whomever. Bottom line if the apps are complex and difficult to utilize, people will not use them. In learning organizations social media can serve four purposes: easy contact, information dissemination, rating and tagging, and expert advice. First, most social networking sites allow easy accessibility to information with their search functions. Second, employees are able to provide suggestions and disseminate information rapidly. Third, information can be rated and tagged for future reference. Lastly, experts are able to share expertise in their field to a large forum (Bersin, 2008). This customer specific is very narrow in its scope and limits the number of personnel who would look for this type of information. This narrow audience makes it have much more impact. This is basically what a learning organization needs, smaller networks connected to other smaller networks. Everyone is not going to be connected to everyone. This would not be logical or how an organization functions. People are going to connect with people who have the information they require. Just like a brain, all the neurons and synapses don’t all fire off when you listen to music or read a book. Different areas are responsible for those functions and are stimulated as needed. When there are abnormalities in the brain problems can result in people’s behavior i. . Tourette’s syndrome. According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke current research points to abnormalities in certain brain regions (including the basal ganglia, frontal lobes, and cortex), the circuits that interconnect these regions, and the neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine) responsible for communication among nerve cells (â€Å"Tourette Synd rome Fact Sheet,† NINDS,2005). Smaller networks that are partially connected to each other are more functional in a learning organization. Otherwise there would be too much information to process and nothing would get accomplished. Social networking helps employees connect and share information and by doing this they are better able to utilize corporate resources. Employees who are central in key networks learn faster, perform better and are more committed to the organization. It has been shown that both individuals and groups are in the midst of organizational network who are not overwhelmed by direct ties are the most effective (Krebs, 1998). Hierarchy structure plays a huge role in the way learning organization functions. Learning organizations have flat decentralized organizational structures. This interconnected network of networks facilitates the dissemination of information across organizational boundaries; a dramatic change from bureaucratic way of doing things. With today’s advancement of information technology, flat organizations are able to use employee knowledge to solve operating problems more directly and quickly (Halal, 1997). Employee knowledge plays a great advantage in the corporate environment. In 1997, this knowledge accounted for 80% of all corporate assets. Yet despite this fact only 20% of this resource is used. (Halal, 1997). Advances in communications and technology have given rise to network organizations. A network organization breaks down the hierarchical organizational chart (boxes) to one level and then connects each box to every other box. When decision making and operations are decentralized this allows initiative and autonomy to flourish (Friel, 2002). I don’t see any potential downside to using social media in a corporate environment. I think that social media can help facilitate earning by allowing users to connect with each other by using forums where they can share information, opinions and expertise. This is exactly what we are doing here at TUIU. Through these online courses we are connecting with other students and the professors via the threaded discussions and the water cooler. We leave comments and then someone responds to what we wrote. His is a cyclical process, it goes back and forth. In the end we all learn from each other in the process. To me each course would be a small network and we are connected to the larger organization (TUIU) via our professors. Although there are many courses in session the only one that is of interest to me is the one I’m currently in. It wouldn’t make much sense to participate in threaded discussions in Business Ethics 501. There is no need to do so. Being that TUIU is a widely distributed and has a narrowed scope and audience makes a powerful impact on how information is processed. Using the brain metaphor has added a great deal to how companies operate in regards to networking, people and how thing get accomplished. Information sharing is a big component in how learning organization performs. Each part does its own thing, but when information is needed it is readily available. The brain is very specific, time and energy is not wasted. Only those paths that are needed are activated which saves money. Machines are geared toward precision, organisms are self regulating, and brains are centered on connectivity. References http://karlalbrecht.com/downloads/OI-WhitePaper-Albrecht.pdf http://www.espen.com/papers/orgbrain.htm http://www.skyrme.com/insights/3lrnorg.htm http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~rxv/kmoi/orgint.htm How to cite Describe the Learning Organization Utilizing, Essay examples

Personal centred approch to care free essay sample

1. Describe person-centred approaches (1. 1. 1) Person centred approach is for example me writing a care plan for a client and basing the care plan around them by asking them questions and seeing how they are when doing activities such as person care. This way i can make sure the client will be getting the right amount of time and care. I would be creating a care plan through the eyes of my client to best suit them. Some of the person centred values are there choice, rights, dignity, Independence and individuality 2. Explain how and why person-centred values must influence all aspects of social care work (1. 1. 2) Everyone one is different even though we may share the same quality’s and skills or culture, social surroundings and so on but no one is really the same. If we start grouping people together and assuming that this is what they need/want then we are not really Viewing each person as different and this isn’t good as instead of embracing the people we look after we will actually be doing wrong and that person who could wash their face still now cant and the client may feel useless and become possibly lazy and depressed affecting the other aspects of their life. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal centred approch to care or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 3. Explain how person-centred values should influence all aspects of social care work (1. 1. 3) Everything I do is for the good of the client I am looking after so I must always be respectful of my client’s wishes by not doing this I effectively abusing my client and not helping my client progress in living there lives. 4. Explain how finding out the history, preferences, wishes and needs of an individual contributes to their care plan (2. 2. 1) If I was to do a care plan I would sit down with my new client and just talk, ask questions and listen to what they have to tell me. By doing this i will get information from the client that we aid them and me in writing the care plan. If they tell me they are used to waking up at around 10am in the morning then I won’t ask a carer to get there for 8am as this would cause nothing but aggro for the client and upset him. If a man needed a wanted a male carer only and I didn’t have a male carer in the area then I would have to pass the client back to social services and they would have to find a new agency as I cant best please the client so what would be the point of forcing him to have a female carer when it’s not his preference the whole point is to base the care around the clients wishes and needs. 5. Describe ways to put person centred values into practice in a complex or sensitive situation (2. 2. 2) A client may want to go to the shops but have dementia and there a chance they may get lost and not remember where they live. While the obvious choice would be to put a shopping service in place so someone can do the shopping for the client. This will be damaging for the client as they are not being given the chance to go and do something they enjoy and will help them feel accomplished. What should happen is a carer should be put in place who can actually take the client shopping so they can be there to remind the client and support them while doing the shopping. 6. Evaluate the use of care plans in applying person-centred values (2. 2. 3) Let’s say my client has dementia and can’t remember what they do in their daily lives well how are they supposed to tell a carer? Well having someone’s person centred values written down in a care book can be used as a reference for providing care. By doing this it may help the client remember as they will be doing activities that remind them of days past or to engage their brains. 7. Explain the importance of monitoring an individual’s changing needs or preferences (2. 2. 4) Some people get board quickly and going to that day centre that they used to love going to is not for them any more as they may feel like they have done everything they can there or they could be spending their time doing some better or more productive. Just assuming that the person is going to want to keep doing the same thing over and over is wrong. We should promote choice so the client feels in control. You can only eat chicken so many days in a row! It could be that as the client ages certain task just can’t be done any more so coming up with different alternative suggestions will help. 8. 3. 1 Describe factors that influence the capacity of an individual to express consent (3. 3. 1) They may be feeling stressed and not in the right mood to express how they are feeling. Feel pressured into not expressing themselves. Being over powered by a carer/ family member so the client feels as though they don’t need to give consent so are not in control or relying of family members/ carers to make decisions for them. Just not being in the right state of mind due to personal life, the surrounding environment and the clients general health or well being is not so good. 9. Explain how to establish consent for an activity or action (3. 3. 2) Make sure that i have explained to the client what is going to happen and how they feel about it. I will ask for verbal consent and written consent so i am backed up. For example if i want to take unused medication to the chemist i should have a signature from my client as days down the line they may ask where is the medication, What did i do with the medication, i stole the medication for my own personal use. 10. Explain what steps to take if consent cannot be readily established (3. 3. 3) Asking the next of kin or family member would be the first step as they may be appointed to answer for their relative. If the person was in hospital and the nurses could not get a hold of the family member they may take it upon themselves to take responsibility for the client as they will be acting in their best interested to protect and promote the persons well being 11. Explain the principles of active participation (4. 4. 1) If the person you are careering for feels that they have control of their preferences then it will e better for them as they can decide what to do? They won’t feel that they are having power taken away from them. As stated above if the person becomes to reliant on others to make decisions then they will never get involved and just do things that they think are doing them good when really they make not be happy 12. Explain how the holistic needs of an individual can be addressed by active participation (4. 4. 2) 13. Explain how to work with an individual and others to agree how active participation will be implemented (4. 4. 3) We need to make sure that the surrounding environment and setting is suitable. Make sure that the person who we are supporting has their views listened to and their choices promoted. Have the client interact with the people that they will be dealing with such as day centre staff and sticking to agreed appointments. 14. Explain how to promote the understanding and use of active participation (4. 4. 4) It’s about giving your clients the right and choice to actively participate in events while also promoting them so they will have confidence with future events. Giving your client a choice helps them feel in control of their own life. 15. Describe different approaches to support an individual to make informed choices (5. 5. 1) Making sure that my client has enough information/resources and able to talk to someone who can assist them in making a choice. Giving someone a choice on what they want to eat, wear of daily activities is very important as long as it doesn’t bring any harm to the client and is a benefit then choice should be promoted. Even if there isn’t much of a choice to be made you should always try to give one 16. Describe how to support an individual to question or challenge decisions concerning them that are made by others (5. 5. 2) Ask my client what they feel the consequences of other peoples actions may be and how they will affect them. Will it benefit them or cause harm. Making sure they are thoroughly informed as well so. Write down the pros and cons. Some decisions will be made out of their control so making sure they understand why the decision was made will help them understand. 17. Explain the consequences of allowing the personal views of others to influence an individual’s choices (5. 5. 3) In my job there may certainly be carers who share different views to their clients so if they feel that they can’t put them aside they should not look after certain clients as the carer could influencing choices that a client may make for example a client goes to church every Sunday morning but the care is a atheist which is fine but they amy say things to the client to change their view on religion and as a result the client may think going to church is pointless when really it was something that client looked forward to every week, 18. Explain the links between identity, self-image and self-esteem (6. 6. 1) We all have our own identity as we are all individuals and have different preferences and traits that make us who we are. If we do not feel comfortable without own identities then we will find it had to build self confidence and have a high esteem of ourselves. Some people will find they identify within large groups of people and they may share the same ethics, tastes and quality’s so when around these fellow group members the person will feel confident and build confidence. 19. Explain factors that contribute to the wellbeing of an individual (6. 6. 2) Social surroundings- living in a safe environment were a person feels they won’t feel/be attacked, persecuted but feel encouraged to get involved and speak their mind through town meetings or youth groups. Emotional- having good relationships with family and friends. Found memories and people that will be there for them. Education- Having the right to an education that will help with every day skills and future prospects Diet- while a young people such as myself may chose to eat fast food and junk the option should be there for me to have access to healthy food and to information on how my diet will help me or be bad for me. 20. Explain the importance of supporting an individual in a way that promotes their sense of identity, self-image and self esteem (6. 6. 3) If I support my client in a way that promotes there identity, self image and self esteem then I will get more out of my client. They may rely less on me to do certain tasks for them. They will take control of their lives and close how they would like to be supported. It could be something as small as asking what type or dress would my client like to wear? If I keep enforcing the fact that it’s their choice and they should take control of certain situations then they will have more confidence to take control in more difficult tasks. 21. Describe ways to contribute to an environment that promotes wellbeing (6. 6. 4) Getting involved in local activities, Youth groups, Town meetings. Having your say on money in the local area should be spent eg more money in to public libraries or schools. Making sure that the resources are there for the people to use and the information is correct. 22. Compare different uses of risk assessment in adult social care settings (7. 7. 1) There will be a risk assessment of the client to make sure they are ok and not in any possible danger. There mobility, there cooperation, the type of medication they take. A risk assessment of the health care setting in which the client will be receiving care. Possible loose wires bucked up carpets, shaky window fittings. A risk assessment of the carer, Are they fit for work, will they be able to help the client with the certain needs that are required of them. Risk assessments for the day trips that may be planned as it could be that there are a lot of stairs and mobility required of the individual that they just can’t cope with. 23. Explain how risk assessment relate to rights and responsibilities (7. 7. 2) Well the people i look after have a right to receive care from the local authority they then pass the care on to a care agency. The first thing a agency has to do when doing an initial assessment for the client is to undertake a risk assessment to see if the conditions that the client are living in is suitable for their care to be carried out in and safe for the carer that will be put in place for the client. As a carer I have rights to not work in an area that is unsafe to my health and wellbeing. While a client may have a right to go yoga on a Saturday afternoon is it actually safe for them to do so? A risk assessment will help to identify possible problems and how they can be avoided or rectified. We have a responsibility to keep our clients safe but we also need to take in consideration their rights as a human being. 24. Explain how risk taking relates to rights and responsibilities (7. 7. 3) 25. Explain why risk assessments need to be regularly revised (7. 7. 4) Things change as time goes on and that risk assessment that was done on a clients property is now irrelevant as it was done six months ago and since then thieve had the builders in to redo the bathroom and kitchen area so new hazards may be present such as the bath tub is a few inches higher of the ground so it may be harder for my client to get in and out of the bath. It could be that a client’s health is getting worse and they are now bed bound so all the care is taking part in the client bedroom which carers never used to enter so the risk assessment needs to be updated to reflect the change in the care and the setting. The client could need more support with mobility so how will i know how to support my client if im not updated on the risks that can be involved? 26. Explain the importance of using agreed risk assessment processes to support choice (7. 7. 5) The risk assessment that would have been put in place by my care agency would have been done so to reflect and help my client with their choices. If I then decide that in fact certain tasks can’t be done due to fact that I may injure myself of the client then I’m ignoring the risk assessment that has been set out Once you have completed, your Learning Advisor will be able to cross reference all knowledge into Unit 4222-305 of the diploma

The Manhatten Project essays

The Manhatten Project essays There are many people who believe Japan bombed pearl harbor because they felt threatened when the united states spread its influence over the Philippines. However in bombing pearl harbor they would start World War Two. Because the U.S. wanted to ultimately win the war they needed some sort of a super weapon. Hence the Manhattan project was put into action. The Manhattan project was solely devoted to creating a nuclear weapon that would win the war hands down. The first thing that the U.S. needed to do was to assemble a team of scientists. The U.S. recruited six renowned scientists, each with their special talents. The first scientist was Neils Bohr, he is responsible for the idea that fission was possible making the atomic bomb a plausible idea. The second scientist was named Glen Seaborg. Seaborg was the first to discover plutonium-239 one of the possible fuels for the atomic bomb. The third scientist was Earnest Lawrence. Lawrence devised a way to attain uranium-235 another candidate for the fuel in an atomic bomb. The fourth scientist, Leslie Groves would be responsible for creating a more efficient way of producing Uranium-235. The fifth scientists name was Enrico Fermi. Fermi discovered that Fission could be sustained in a chain reaction, this would give the atomic bomb its great power.(Bracchini, 3) The last scientist was Robert Oppenheimer. Oppenheimer would be the director of the Manhattan project, he was involved in it every step of the way. The first problem with the atomic bomb was the ability to find a fuel that would behave the way that was needed for a fission reaction, and the ability to acquire it in decent amounts. There were two fuels proposed Uranium-235 ,proposed by Neils Bohr, and Plutonium-239, proposed by Glen Seaborg. Uranium-235 was a good candidate because it has the ability to continue fission once it is started. However to get Uranium-235 they needed Uranium ore which also contains ...

Performance Based Pay for Teachers

Performance Based Pay for Teachers Performance-based pay for teachers, or merit pay, is a trending educational topic. Teachers pay, in general, is often highly debated. Performance-based pay ties teaching components such as standardized test scores and teacher evaluations to a salary schedule. Performance-based pay originated from a corporate model that bases a teachers salary on job performance. Higher performing teachers receive more compensation, while lower performing teachers receive less. The Denver, Colorado school district may have the most successful performance-based pay program in the nation. The program, called ProComp, is seen as a national model for performance-based pay. ProComp was designed to impact critical issues such as student achievement, teacher retention, and teacher recruitment positively. The program has been credited with boosting those areas, but it does have its critics. Performance-based pay will likely continue to increase in popularity over the next decade. Like any educational reform issue, there are two sides to the argument. Here, we examine the pros and cons of performance-based pay for teachers. Pros Motivates Teachers to Make Improvements in the Classroom Performance-based pay systems offer teachers a reward based on meeting set performance measures typically tied to student performance. These measures are based on educational research and are a set of best practices intended to boost overall student outcomes. Many of the best teachers are already doing a lot of these things in their classrooms. With performance-based pay, they may be asked to take it a little above what they normally do, or it may motivate low performing teachers to get their acts together to receive their bonus. Provides Teachers With the Opportunity to Receive a Higher Salary People typically do not become teachers because of the salary. But, it doesnt mean that they do not want or need more money. Sadly, a relatively large number of teachers across the country are picking up a second job to keep their family afloat financially. Performance-based pay not only provides teachers with an option to make more money but also motivates them to meet targeted objectives while doing so. It is a win, win situation both for the teacher and their students. The teacher makes more money, and in turn, their students get a better education. Invites Competition Thus Raising Student Performance Performance-based pay creates competition among teachers. The better their students perform, the more money theyll receive. Higher outcomes translate to higher pay. Teachers are often competitive by nature. They want their fellow teachers to be successful. But, they also want to be more successful then them. Healthy competition pushes teachers to become better, which in turn boost student learning. Everyone wins when the best teachers work hard to stay at the top, and mediocre teachers work hard to improve enough to be considered one the best. Allows Bad Teachers to Be Removed Easier Many performance-based pay systems include components which enable principals to terminate teachers who continuously fail to meet goals and objectives. Most teacher unions adamantly opposed performance-based pay because of this element. Standard teacher contracts make it difficult to terminate employment, but a performance-based pay contract makes it easier to remove a bad teacher. Teachers who are unable to get the job done are replaced by another teacher who may be able to get things on track. Aids in Teacher Recruitment and Retention Performance-based pay can be an attractive incentive especially for young teachers who have a lot to offer. The opportunity for higher pay is often too compelling to pass up. To passionate teachers, the extra work is worth the higher salary. Also, schools offering performance-based compensation typically have no problems attracting top teaching talent. The pool is usually bottomless, so they can get quality teachers from the beginning. They also keep their good teachers. The best teachers are easy to retain because they are well respected and likely will not receive a higher salary elsewhere. Cons Encourages Teachers to Teach to Standardized Tests A large part of the performance-based pay objectives rests in standardized test scores. Teachers across the nation are already feeling the pressure to abandon creativity and originality and instead to teach to the tests. Attaching an increase in pay only amplifies that situation. Standardized testing is all the rage in public education, and performance-based pay just adds fuel to the fire. Teachers skip once celebrated teachable moments. They neglect valuable life lessons and have essentially become robots all in the name of passing a single test on a single day during the school year. Can Potentially Be Costly to the District School districts across the United States are already strapped for cash. Teachers on a performance-based contract receive a base salary. They receive a â€Å"bonus† for meeting specific objectives and goals. This â€Å"bonus† money can add up quickly. The Denver Public School District in Colorado was able to start ProComp thanks to voters who approved a tax increase that allowed them to fund the incentive program. It would have been impossible to fund the program without the revenue generated from the tax increase. School districts would find it exceedingly difficult to maintain the funds necessary to run a performance-based pay program without additional funding. Dilutes a Teacher’s Overall Value Most teachers offer much more than just the ability to meet learning objectives or goals. Teaching should be about more than just a test score. Ideally, teachers should be rewarded for the size of the impact they make and for making a difference in the lives of their students. Sometimes those qualities go unrecognized and unrewarded. Teachers have a powerful influence on their students, yet theyre relegated to ensuring that their students are going to pass a test. It skews the real value of a teacher when you only base the job they are doing on meeting student performance objectives.   Fails to Consider Factors Beyond a Teacher’s Control There are many factors beyond a teacher’s control that influence student performance just as much or more than any teacher will. Factors such as lack of parental involvement, poverty, and learning disabilities offer real hindrances to learning. They are nearly impossible to overcome. The reality is that teachers who sacrifice to pour into the lives of these students are often seen as bad teachers because their students do not meet the level of proficiency that their peers do. The truth is that many of these teachers are doing a far superior job than their peers who teach at an affluent school. Sometimes they fail to receive the same rewards for their hard work. Can Potentially Harm High-Risk Areas Every school is not the same. Every student is not the same. Why would a teacher want to teach in a school surrounded by poverty and have the cards stacked against them, when they can teach in an affluent school and have immediate success? A performance-based pay system would keep many of the best teachers from pursuing jobs in those high-risk areas because of nearly impossible odds to meet the performance measures needed to make it worth the while.

Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Comparison - Essay Example Charles Cunningham uses articles from the Life magazine to buttress his arguments regarding the belittling of white trash and African Negroes. The article by Tom Delph-Janiurek examines the link between gender and sexuality in spaces with regards to voice and its impact in the teaching environment in England. Tom Delph-Januirek also evaluates the power interpretation of voices and its contribution to class differences. The article by Charles Cunningham pertains to the derogatory and untrue portrayal of rural poor, especially in connection to the white trash and the African Americans in the twentieth century, during the time of the great depression in the United States of America. The article by Tom Delph-Janiurek examines the link between gender and sexuality in spaces with regards to voice and its impact in the teaching environment in England. At first there arises apprehension on any possible link between two such disparate articles in different environments over different periods of time. An in depth analysis of the two articles however, provides the scope for the comparison. Charles Cunningham provides examples of the speech of African Americans in his arguments to bolster the derogatory and racial prejudice against the African Americans. Drawing support from the works of experts in the field of language Tom Delph-Janiurek claims that voice very frequently conveys with clarity, information reg arding the bodies from which they originate. In addition to Tom Delph-Janiurek, voices are interpreted by listeners and â€Å"voices are shaped by interconnected discursive relating to gender, sexuality, class, and race†, (2, p.258). According to Charles Cunningham the African American was portrayed as the scum of the earth. Poor white trash and African Americans were taken as not worth any consideration by the urban middle and rich classes, as they were not deserving of it. Yet, between the two the African American was given a much lower status irrespective

Cultural customs Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cultural customs - Research Paper Example In their homeland, children and adolescents are geared toward achieving the goal of higher education and have lessons taught about the importance of holding onto traditional Chinese cultural values (Henslin, 2003). Lessons on thriftiness, especially in relation to finance, are reinforced during this period of the life cycle. As adults, the Chinese stress maintaining caution in areas of business and establish plans for long-term financial success much earlier than other groups (Zhang). In their homeland, Chinese often marry with the idea that it will be a life-long bond and put a great deal of emphasis on the value of personal relationships. At senior age, it is common to still be a part of the family household and is often revered for wisdom. The U.S. citizen is strikingly different than the Chinese and infants are often reared with much less emphasis on education, but more on securing their emotional well-being. Infants are cared for with considerable intensity and usually the child bonds with the mother over the father. During childhood, there is much less emphasis on creating a family bond and the child is promoted to socialize outside of the family network to build skills in peer bonding and organized play (Henslin). Some of these lessons begin in early educational years and team-based concepts, outside of family values, are the most common experiences. In adolescence, children are given lessons on establishing their own sense of individuality rather than finding connection through family. They are exposed to many cultural symbols through advertising and other media formats, therefore they have access to different external role models to base their own personalities. During adulthood, it is common to partner without taking the vow of long-term marriage and the family structure can be outside of the social norm. Lessons relating to the importance of higher

Resource Planning At Hershey Foods Corporation

Resource Planning At Hershey Foods Corporation Enterprise resource planning (ERP) encompasses virtually every facet of information technology (IT); therefore, its implementation is vital to the overall effectiveness of an organizations IT processes. In 2008, the Hershey Foods Corporation was the focus of a study conducted from 1997-2002 during which time Hersheys attempt to implement ERP was a failure. In 1996, Hersheys moved to modernize its hardware and software from legacy systems to a client/server environment by April 1999. The software module implementation was to be outsourced to three software vendors (SAP, Manugistics, and Siebel); however complications delayed the projected switch to July 1999. To bypass the complications, Hershey chose Big Bang ERP implementation but that choice proved fruitless as retailers experienced problems with order fulfillment, processing and shipping. Hersheys warehouse contained sufficient inventory but retailers still received shipments late. During the third quarter of 1999, Hersheys revenu es dropped by 12%. The purpose of this study is to examine the past failure of Hersheys ERP implementation, while reviewing current information and data to determine the effectiveness of Hersheys efforts since 2002. Studying the circumstances that led to Hersheys ERP implementation failure will aid in illustrating the process of ERP implementation in large organizations with focus on the role management plays in ERP success or failure and how these factors can be avoided in the future. Contents Executive Summary 2 Contents 3 Terms of Reference 4 Literature Review 6 Evaluation of Alternatives 10 Recommendations 13 References 15 Terms of Reference Background In 1894, the Hershey Foods Corporation (Hershey) was founded by Milton Hershey as the Hershey Chocolate Company. Hersheys corporate headquarters is located in Hershey, Pennsylvania. Since its founding, Hershey has grown from a one-product company to a multi-billion dollar corporation with sales exceeding $1.41 billion during the first quarter of 2010 (Wahba 2010). After a tumultuous entry into the twenty-first century, Hershey is finally overcoming some of the obstacles that led to a significant decline in sales. Advertising spending was raised significantly during the first quarter of 2010 with plans to increase advertising spending up to 40% throughout the year. The company was one of many that experienced a decline during the global economic crisis but Hersheys strong leadership and conscious efforts to revamp its image has proven effective in boosting sales. Primary focus during 2010 has been on boosting sales for Hersheys Kisses, Kit at, and Twizzlers brands. Increased advertisi ng is predicted to put these products well above the 25-30% range previously forecast (Wahba 2010). Currently, about 85% of Hersheys sales are generated in the U.S., but it has failed to meet the desired outcome in international markets, putting Hershey behind its major competitor, Nestle. When Nestle began sales in emerging markets its sales rose by more than 10% (Wahba 2010). Problem Hershey has a long history of success and failure, mixed with both effective and poor leadership at the top management level. However, one of the companys most memorable failures is its initial attempt to implement ERP. At present, sales are rising amid a rocky economy but Hershey is still rebounding from the stigma of the failed ERP implementation. Reported sales are lowest among its competitors, indicating Hersheys need for improving its production strategies is of the utmost importance. Effective ERP implementation coupled with a strong top management team is one method of improving productivity and increasing sales -both domestic and abroad. Scope of Study By analyzing the past ERP implementation efforts, this study will illustrate how Hersheys production will benefit from an effective ERP solution. Information reviewed during the course of this study includes, but is not limited to, academic journals, corporate reports, past case studies pertaining to the Hershey Corporation, government resources, and print and online library sources. The information obtained during the course of this study aid in fostering an understanding of the relationship between the information system and the external environment, strategy, business processes, structure and culture, and information technology infrastructure of an organization. The outcome of the references reviewed will provide sufficient data to conduct an evaluation of the potential impact implementing ERP has on Hershey. Following the submission of this report, the reader will understand the importance of implementing ERP as a vital component of an organizations IT system, particularly for He rshey and its expanding needs amid the global marketplace. Literature Review When Hershey began planning to implement an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system, the companys top management was unaware of the potential pitfalls it would encounter. ERP systems are management information systems that incorporate and automate many of the practices linked to general operations and production of a company, including manufacturing, logistics, distribution, inventory, shipping, invoicing and accounting. An ERP system is integrated with a relational database system that, when implemented effectively, can improve the efficiency of the organizations business processes. However, the process involves extensive employee training and retraining and the development of modified or new work procedures. Due to the cross-functional and extensive nature of the ERP system, all functional departments must be involved in operations and productions. The benefit of an ERP system for Hershey is the systems effectiveness in improving and automating much of the processes linked to the supply chain while improving timelines for shipments. Hershey opted to implement SAP because of its reputation as a leader among IT solutions in the early 1990s. Hersheys initial attempt to implement SAP spanned over three years and was conducted during the companys peak periods. The implementation process was to be completed over a period of time to allow the company to continue production and sales; however, the complications that Hershey faced hindered its productivity and sales. The impact of such a drastic change during the peak sales period created a major setback resulting in a significant loss in profits and sales (Analyzing n.d.). The company maintained full compliance with the vendor during the implementation process. However, the problem stemmed from timing issues. Hersheys choice to implement the change during its peak period provided detrimental to production and sales and put the overall organization at risk. In retrospect, the companys primary errors were related to the timing of the planned implementation and the implications regarding workloads. Based on the companys sales history, Hersheys top management should have been aware of the risks implementing a major solution would have on the organizations processes. The impact was felt at all levels, particular during periods when confectionary products are in highest demand. The companys order processing systems were impacted the most. Retailers complained that orders were not received, were delayed or that the wrong products were received (Stedman 1999). The relationship between Hershey and its customers were bruised and trust was dwindling. The fiasco opened the door for competitors to step in and take up the slack Hershey left in the marketplace. As a result, Hersheys annual sales plummeted and the competitors annual sales soared. When implementing an ERP solution, the initial planning process is most important. Hersheys top management was aware of peak sales periods; therefore, the authorization to proceed with a drastic organization-wide change was the first error. The initial proposal for implementation should have raised red flags among the companys executives, but the plans moved forward and the result was devastating for the company, its customers and employees. The use of IT should yield results opposite of what was achieved at Hersheys. IT, particularly ERP systems, are designed to create barriers to competition, lower the costs of market entry, shorten timelines, speed cash flow, cut out intermediaries, build bridges, and keep the organization better informed than its competitors (Benson and Standing 2002). Technology, in the context of organizations similar to Hershey, can change production, business processes and organizations, including the potential to change and maximize the potential of social structures and interactions (Benson and Standing 2002). When contemplating IT changes the organizations management must pay close attention to the areas of the business that may be impacted by the change. Despite the belief that success in one area of business usually comes at the cost of another, this does not have to be true (Benson and Standing 2002). Understanding the organizations strengths and weaknesses aids in the planning process. Management will then be able to plan for potential obstacles and implement an alternative before complications put the organization at risk. Under the same premise, Hersheys decision to implement SAP was not the problem, poor management and ineffective planning was the companys major problem. Hersheys error was linked to ineffective restructuring of its business processes and the amendments needed to accommodate the companys production during the ERP implementation period. Furthermore, the company pushed to implement a process in 30 months when the typical implementation process averages about four year s. The rapid implementation attempt disrupted the companys normal functioning and created mass confusion and conflict at both an internal and external level. Since [Hersheys] attention was wholly diverted to ERP, it was not possible to rectify the uncertainties that emerged in the business as a result of ERP (Analyzing n.d.). The companys efforts, although limited, were unbalanced. Hershey found it difficult to focus on both the regular processes of conducting business and the ERP implementation. The result was a reduction in sales, irate customers, conflict among employees, and a growing reputation as a vendor that could not be trusted. The situation was worsened at the end of the 30 month period when Hershey realized the implementation was not effective because the ERP systems were not working in full capacity due to some final touches which were not done (Analyzing n.d.). The optimal solution for ERP implementation is to plan the process around an organizations peak periods. If Hershey had begun the implementation process during slow periods, the outcome would have been different. However, the impact of missing final touches would still be an issue. Again, the fault falls to the companys management team, who is ultimately responsible for ensuring that such major changes begin only when the company is least vulnerable. Implementing during slow market periods gives the company the time needed to make the change, to prepare its departments and respective employees for the change, and emerge stronger than before the change was made. Evaluation of Alternatives ERP is a complex process that requires stringent maneuvering and processing within the organization. Prior to beginning the ERP implementation, Hershey should have put more effort into ensuring the success of the process. Hershey should proceed with the process only after researching and planning to ensure that ample time and efforts needed to achieve successful change was possible. Instead, Hershey chose to proceed during a time when its sales were highest and risks were compounded. Most disturbing is that the company was no stranger to implementing IT processes. In the past, Hershey had implemented a CRM solution, so it should have been aware of the complications that can arise. The company simply chose the wrong time to implement the ERP solution, and timing is everything. In the contemporary business world, particular amid a time of rapidly advancing technology, Hersheys main focus should be on maintaining productivity. However, the use of ERP solutions is a must to meet the growing demands of the consumer. Customers want easy ordering options, fast order processing, and rapid order receipt. The ERP system is designed to improve these functions in businesses but for an effective implementation process that will yield the desired results, the company must carefully choose the time for the implementation process -even if that means dividing the process into stages. By segmenting the implementation process, Hershey would meet its objectives of a streamlined IT process while maintaining productive operations and retain satisfied customers. An ERP system can help increase a businesses efficiency, which increases customer satisfaction. Instead of focusing on independent departments for processing and meeting objectives, the ERP system streamlines the process from production to shipping and beyond. Prior to beginning the ERP implementation Hershey should have met with department heads who, in turn, would explain the upcoming processes including how the implementation process would impact production within the company. From there the employees would be knowledgeable in how to handle issues that could arise (e.g. order fulfillment issues, shipping, et al). Overall, the bottom line is to plan accordingly so that the ERP implementation process can be effectively achieved while the organizations regular processes are not negatively affected. Inadequate training is a common factor in ERP implementation failure. Hershey failed to train its employees on how to handle potential changes that would occur during the implementation process, while also preparing for training for the new system. All the way around, management failed. While pre-implementation research and planning is one alternative to effective implementation, the companys management team should have been more diligent in handling its responsibilities for the organization. Therefore, the company should have taken a closer look at its management team to determine where the error originated. The complications originated at the management level creating a domino effect where the companys individual departments were impacted and the customer was left in the cold. In a customer-driven market it is not the product or service that matters most; instead the greatest value rests in how the customer perceives their overall relationship with the company. It is the value factor. The management team should have been aware of the customers view; then it should have approached the implementation process accordingly to ensure the customers needs were not ignored. In retrospective, Hersheys management team should have known, prior to the ERP implementation, how the company would maintain customer satisfaction during the process. Both internal and external factors should have been better analyzed. Hershey failed to analyze the very components that achieve customer satisfaction. Management should have focused its change in a way that would not jeopardize its relationship with current customers, their use of the companys products, and their impression of Hersheys service. The information obtained during the pre-planning phase is more important than the overa ll projected change since this information is a guiding point for successful ERP implementation. Recommendations When Hershey decided to implement an ERP system, it failed to analyze the companys history of peak sales periods and plan the implementation process around the most productive periods. Instead, the company began implementation during its peak period which resulted in overload among its workforce nd complications within production and shipping that led to a significant loss of sales, a tarnished reputation, and a loss of trust among its customers. The decision to implement an ERP system was a good idea but the timing was wrong. Timing is everything, especially when the risks involve not only the organization and its employees but retaining customers. Furthermore, Hersheys management team failed to consider its supply chain management functions and the outcome was chaos within the internal and external processes associated with production, order fulfillment, and shipping. The onset of pre-planning begins with reviewing the companys current balance (Caruso 2007). When management has a v iew of what it takes to keep the organization productive, then the planning phase can begin. When accurate planning is achieved the risks to the organization are minimized. Studies reveal that one of the most common reasons the implementation of change results in failure is linked to unplanned or under planned phases of implementation. Planning is crucial for effective implementation of an ERP system. However, there is no universal single point of failure linked to unsuccessful ERP implementations. In the case of Hershey, however, the causes are directly linked to efforts that are easily remedied: inadequate training, corporate culture, timeline flexibility, and unrealistic expectations. Hershey has since worked hard to ensure the same mistakes are not repeated. Its current management team is more in tune to the needs of all the organizations stakeholders. Adequate training within Hershey has become paramount to all other functions. The companys management team realizes that inadequate training, particularly at the management level, is a leading cause of organizational failure. Now, the company focuses on how to do business differently, rather than training on new computer software. While training for the ERP system was a focus, it was not the predominant focus. Hershey learned the hard way that change had to be made internally before an ERP solution could be effective in streamlining its internal and external processes. Many ERP projects are bound to fail because employees are not trained to handle the factors that come with change. Timeline flexibility is imperative to success, as well. In its subsequent attempts to streamline operations, Hershey worked to ensure t hat the system was fully tested and ready for implementation to avoid negative consequences similar to those the company experienced in 2002.

Product Placement in the Film Industry Essay

Introduction Product placement in Movies Product placement is a kind of advertisements, where products or services are placed in a context normally devoid of ads, such as films, TV episodes, or news. Product placement can reach a niche audience, and there are strong reasons for investors to expect that film product placement will increase consumer awareness of a particular brand. However, the movie studio must analyze if the product fits with the image of the film. A star may draw more attention than a product. Therefore this becomes a separate point of negotiation within his contract in many cases. Brand placements are for increasing brand familiarity and sales. Also, there are some other advantages of brand placements in Movies. 1. People would not change the channel or leave room when a brand appears in a movie like they might for TV ads 2. Brand placements often involve an endorsement by the celebrity using the brand which appears to have an influence on attitudes toward the brand. 3. Brand placement allows advertisers to target very specific people. 4. Brand placements have a longer life than traditional advertisements. When a film is released as DVD, the brand placement is still present. 5. Audiences might like brand placements because they improve the realism of a movie or TV show. Literature review: Some examples Product placement is not a recent phenomenon as commonly believed, but dates back to the earliest days of cinema. It originated more than a century ago in â€Å"soap opera† radio broadcasts, a significant means of popular entertainment at the time which often mentioned various soap products within the storyline in exchange for financial support. Here we have some classic examples of product placement in movies. They are all famous films with successful product. Ray Ban: Top Gun Screen shot of the movie: Top Gun(1986) Top Gun had a huge impact on some generations. The movie had a handsome and fearless main character. He not only defeated enemies in the air, but also won the heart of a beautiful lady. He was dressed in jeans, wore a leather jacket and a pair of sunglasses. In Top Gun, Tom Cruise and his Navy colleagues wore Aviators by Ray Ban. The result: the sales of Aviator sunglasses rose by 40 percent in the seven months following the release of the movie. FedEx and Wilson: Cast away Screen shots of the movie: Cast Away (2000) Tom Hanks played Chuck in the movie Cast Away. Chuck is a FedEx employee who is stranded on an island after FedEx’s plane crashes. The film shows his attempts to survive on the island using what was left of his plane’s cargo. He eventual escapes and returns to society, with one lost parcel delivered with a very long delay. When Chuck crashed on the island, he was there alone. But somehow he got company from the resource left. When he opened boxes he found Wilson volleyball. That ball became â€Å"Wilson†, Chuck’s only friend on the island. This product placement is very special: product was not just â€Å"used†, and Chuck didn’t just speak about it – the product becomes a character. Chuck and Wilson’s relationship was great and audiences perceived Wilson as a character, not some brand product. Chevrolet Camaro: Transformers Screen shot of the movie: Transformers (2007) Chevrolet Camaro is a very interesting placement in the Transformers. Camaro played Bumblebee in all the Transformers movies. The fifth generation of this vehicle went on sale in the beginning of 2009. In 2007, when the movie was released, people could not buy this car. It was a long wait but the movie created a buzz and helped building the expectations. Successful and failure attempts of product placement A successful product placement should have 2 sides of success: The product is good for the movie: The used product should be a main character in the film. It should be â€Å"needed† in the film, not â€Å"planted†. The movie is good for the product: The movie is good for showing the product. The product and the brand value is showed properly in the films. The product for the movie Is the product good for the movie? Why this is on the screen? The product or brand showed in the films should be very important for the movie. Audiences try to keep a story coherent while watching it. However, because of limited attention, information in the center activates the highest [1].This is quite easy to understand. We are watching a movie with the story. Anything happened in this story would be noticed. The product in the story and in the center of the screen gets the highest attention. On the other hand, all the objects outside the story are being ignored if they don’t try to get any attention. Audiences might be confused if something unrelated suddenly showed in the center of the screen, or make some noise when audience are watching a film. Here are two examples for the good side and the bad side. Example of success: Mini cooper and the Italian job In the movie, the robbers need to drive into the metro station, block the train and go through the tunnels. The use of Minis seemed absolutely normal for a robbery, since Mini Cooper is a very compact and mobile car. The audiences are expecting some vehicle accomplish the job, and here comes the minis. The car is tiny, fast and reliable. The product is going well with the story, so we can enjoy the movie with starring performance of the product-Mini Cooper. Screen shots of the movie: the Italian Job (2003) The Italian Job original movie is released in 1969 with. Gary Gray directed an American remake with Mark Wahlberg, Edward Norton and Charlize Theron in 2003. The movies are very similar from the product placements points of view: they both use Minis. Product placement is apparently very successful.it is reported that sales of Minis in 2003 had increased more than 20 percent over the year before. Example of failure: China Mobile and the Cellphone With the title of this movie, we can imagine that it is a perfect opportunity for a communication company such as China Mobile to do a product placement in it. However, the shameless attempt made audience feel bad when watching such a wonderful movie. Screen shot of the movie: the Cellphone (Shou Ji) (2003) The main character YAN Shouyi’s wife received a phone call from Shouyi’s cousin. She found that Shouyi was cheating on her. This is the moment she hang up the phone. Normally we need some music with anger or helpless or sad music. Silence is also a good choice we may expect. However, after she hang up the phone and walked away, the television (left side of the picture) is showing the commercial advertisement of China mobile. The audience could hear nothing but the slogan of China Mobile. We got confused: why we are listening to this? Screen shot of the movie: the Cellphone (Shou Ji) (2003) Another screen shot of the movie the Cellphone. Two wives are checking their husband’s calling records. We could find the logo of China mobile in the center of the screen, but we cannot notice it because the logo is outside the story. This is a very bad try of product placement: the product has nothing to do with the story. Screen shot of the movie: the Cellphone (Shou Ji) (2003) China mobile tried very hard to place its logo everywhere in this movie. But most of the attempts have no advisement effect. In the beginning of the movie, the cast list is showed on a cellphone. The Chinese character of China Mobile is showed at the bottom of the cellphone. Normally, the communication operator showed at the up corner of the cellphone. We could say that this try is not a product placement, but an advertisement. The movie for the product Marketing, including the product placement, is a process of communicating product value to the people. So in the product placement the company need also choose the right movie for its products. The movie has to be a platform for the company’s brand value. The brand behavior or the brand value is needed to be showed in the scene. So the main problem becomes how to choose the partner. Here we have another example to find out how to show the brand value in a movie. In 2001 and 2002, BMW made a series of eight short films with about 10 minutes each. The series is called the Hire. All the eight films are made by popular directors from all over the world, starring Clive Owen as the â€Å"Driver†, and with the performance of various BMW cars. At first, here is the official brand value of BMW: Brand value of BMW The main value of BMW â€Å"joy† and dynamic, challenging, cultured is showed everywhere in these films. We discuss how the films describe BMW with the 8 short films. Here we present 2 of the short films to show the how BMW did the films. Chosen Chosen, Ang Lee 2001 The Driver protects a holy child that was brought to America by boat. The child gives the Driver a gift but says that he is supposed to open it after. After being pursued by many armed men, and being grazed in the ear, he delivers the boy to another holy man. The Boy however signals silently to the Driver that the man is not actually a monk, indicated by his footwear. The Driver defeats the impostor holy man and rescues the boy. When he leaves the Driver opens the gift which is revealed to be a bandage for his bleeding ear. Beat the Devil Beat the devil (2002), Tony Scott The Driver is employed by an old man. He is going to meet the Devil to negotiate the deal as a young man in 1954 to trade his soul for fame and fortune. He proposes a new wager, for the stakes of the Driver’s soul against another fifty years for him, betting on the Driver racing against the Devil at dawn. The race ends with the Driver passes around a train while the Devil’s car crashes and explodes. All the films show great respect to the product value of BMW. The core is â€Å"joy†, which is shown perfectly by all the famous directors. Also we could find the value of dynamic, challenging and cultured from these films. The series is a perfect exhibition for the BMW products. And we may say this is the right movie for the product. Conclusion There are many advantages of product placement in the movies. We have seen both successful and fail examples of product placement from Hollywood and China. When they are done correctly, the placement could greatly benefit both the movie and the brand. It can secure the film production budget, cover promotion budgets and get additional exposure for the movie with the stars, and also make the movies more realistic. A good product placement is the same as a normal advertisement. It required to be placed with the right product, in the right movie and at the accurate moment. The product itself should be one part of the story. Also, in the movie, the brand value should be shown very clearly to make a good placement. The product is good for the movie: The used product should be a main character in the film. It should be â€Å"needed† in the film, not â€Å"planted†. The movie is good for the product: The movie is good for showing the product. The product and the brand value are showed properly in the films. This is the same as typical advertisement. So it should be treated the same as other marketing methods with the similar theories. It is important to carefully integrate products into movie in order to minimize the risk of aggressive advertising which might lead to negative results. Bibliography: [1]. Wikipedia: product placement: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_placement [2]. Wikipedia: marketing: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/marketing [3]. Product Placement in Film, Viki Antonopoulou, Geogia National Film Center June 2010 [4]. Top Gun (1986), Director: Tony Scott [5]. Cast away (2000), Director: Robert Zemeckis [6]. Transformers (2007), Director: Michael Bay [7]. the Italian Job (2003) Director: F. Gary Gray [8]. the Cellphone (2001) Director: FENG Xiaogang [9]. BMW Brand Behavior Training, Ruud Rabenberg, Laura Wang, BMW China, Automotive Trading, Ltd. 2007 [10]. Chosen (2001), Director Ang Lee [11]. Beat the Devil (2002), Director Tony Scott [12].The Effectiveness of Brand Placements in the Movies: Levels of Placements, Explicit and Implicit Memory, and Brand-Choice Behavior, Moonhee Yang, David R. Roskos-Ewoldsen, Journal of Communication 57 (2007)